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†Machell, K.A., †Goodman, F.R., & Kashdan, T.B. (2015). Experiential avoidance and well-being: A daily diary analysis. Cognition and Emotion, 29, 351-359.

Kashdan, T.B., †Goodman, F.R., †Machell, K.A., †Kleiman, E.M., †Monfort, S.S., Ciarrochi, J., & Nezlek, J.B. (2014). A contextual approach to experiential avoidance and social anxiety: Evidence from an experimental interaction and daily interactions of people with social anxiety disorder. Emotion, 14, 769-781.

Kashdan, T.B.,†Farmer, A., †Adams, L., †Ferssizidis, P., McKnight, P.E., & Nezlek, J.B. (2013). Distinguishing healthy adults from people with social anxiety disorder: Evidence for the value of experiential avoidance and positive emotions in everyday social interactions. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 122, 645-655.

*Kashdan, T.B., *†Kane, J.Q., & Kecmanovic, J. (2011). Post-traumatic distress and the presence of post-traumatic growth and meaning in life: Experiential avoidance as a moderator. Personality and Individual Differences, 50, 84-89. *- equal contribution

Kashdan, T.B., †Breen, W.E., †Terhar, D., & †Afram, A. (2010). Experiential avoidance in idiographic, autobiographical memories: Construct validity and links to social anxiety, depressive, and anger symptoms. Journal of Anxiety Disorders24, 528-534.

Kashdan, T.B., Morina, N., & Priebe, S. (2009). Post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder, and depression in survivors of the Kosovo War: Experiential avoidance as a contributor to distress and quality of life. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23, 185-196.

Kashdan, T.B., & †Breen, W.E. (2007). Materialism and diminished well-being: Experiential avoidance as a mediating mechanism. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 26, 521-539.

Kashdan, T.B., Barrios, V., Forsyth, J.P., & Steger, M.F. (2006). Experiential avoidance as a generalized psychological vulnerability: Comparisons with coping and emotion regulation strategies. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 9, 1301-1320.

Book Chapters

†Goodman, F.R., †Larrazabal, M., Kashdan, T.B., & †West, J. (2019). Experiential avoidance across anxiety disorders (pp. 255-281). In B. O. Olatunji (Ed). Cambridge Handbook of Anxiety and Related Disorders. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

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†Kashdan, T.B.,†Disabato, D.J., †Goodman, F.R., & Naughton, C. (2018). The five dimensions of curiosity. Harvard Business Review

Kashdan, T.B. (2015). Companies value curiosity but stifle it anyway. Harvard Business Review

Sheldon, K.M., Jose, P.E., Kashdan, T.B., & Jarden, A. (2015). Personality, effective goal-striving, and enhanced well-being: Comparing 10 candidate personality strengths. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 41, 575-585.

Kaczmarek, L.D., Kashdan, T.B., Drążkowski, D., Połatyńska, K., Bujacz, A., & †Goodman, F.R. (2014). Why do greater curiosity and fewer depressive symptoms predict gratitude intervention use? Utility beliefs, social norm, and self-control beliefs. Personality and Individual Differences, 66, 165-170.

Kashdan, T.B., Dewall, C.N., Pond, R.S., Silvia, P.J., Lambert, N.M., Fincham, F.D., †Savostyanova, A.A., & Keller, P.S. (2013). Curiosity protects against interpersonal aggression: Cross-sectional, daily process, and behavioral evidence. Journal of Personality, 81, 87-102.

Kashdan, T.B., Sherman, R.A., †Yarbro, J., & Funder, D.C. (2013). How are curious people viewed and how do they behave in social situations? From the perspectives of self, friends, parents, and unacquainted observers. Journal of Personality, 81, 142-154.

Supplemental Table 1: College Informant Rated Correlates of Curiosity

Supplemental Table 2: Behavioral Correlates of Curiosity by Multiple Informants

Supplemental Table 3: Self Rated Correlates of Curiosity

Supplemental Table 4: Two Experts Predicted Behavioral Correlates of Curiosity

*Kaczmarek, L.D.,*Kashdan, T.B.,†Kleiman, E.M., Mickiewicz, A., Baczkowski, B., Enko, J., Sievers, A., Szaefer, A., Krol, M., & Baran, B. (2013). Who self-initiates gratitude interventions in daily life? An examination of intentions, curiosity, and unhappiness. Personality and Individual Differences, 55,805-810. *- equal contribution

Kashdan, T.B. (2012). Reconsidering the neuroevolutionary framework of the SEEKING System: Emphasizing context instead of positivity. Neuropsychoanalysis, 14, 46-50.

Kashdan, T.B., McKnight, P.E., Fincham, F.D., & Rose, P. (2011). When curiosity breeds intimacy: Taking advantage of intimacy opportunities and transforming boring conversations. Journal of Personality, 79, 1369-1401.

Kashdan, T.B., †Afram, A., Brown, K.W., †Birnbeck, M., & †Drvoshanov, M. (2011). Curiosity enhances the role of mindfulness in reducing defensive responses to existential threat. Personality and Individual Differences, 50, 1227-1232.

Kashdan, T.B., Gallagher, M.W., Silvia, P.J., Winterstein, B.P., †Breen, W.E., †Terhar, D., & Steger, M.F. (2009). The Curiosity and Exploration Inventory-II: Development, factor structure, and initial psychometrics. Journal of Research in Personality, 43, 987-998.

Almeida, L., Kashdan, T.B., Coelho, R., Albino-Teixeira, A., & Soares-da-Silva, P. (2008). Healthy subjects volunteering for phase I studies: Influence of curiosity, exploratory tendencies and perceived self-efficacy. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 46, 109-118.

Kashdan, T.B. & Steger, M.F. (2007). Curiosity and pathways to well-being and meaning in life: Traits, states, and everyday behaviors. Motivation and Emotion, 31, 159-173.

Kashdan, T.B. & Yuen, M. (2007). Whether highly curious students thrive academically depends on the learning environment of their school: A study of Hong Kong adolescents. Motivation and Emotion, 31, 260-270.

Kashdan, T.B., & Roberts, J.E. (2006). Affective outcomes and cognitive processes in superficial and intimate interactions: Roles of social anxiety and curiosity. Journal of Research in Personality, 40, 140-167.

Kashdan, T.B., & Roberts, J.E. (2004). Trait and state curiosity in the genesis of intimacy: Differentiation from related constructs. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 23, 792-816.

Kashdan, T.B., Rose, P., & Fincham, F.D. (2004). Curiosity and exploration: Facilitating positive subjective experiences and personal growth opportunities. Journal of Personality Assessment, 82, 291-305.

Kashdan, T.B., & Fincham, F.D. (2002). Facilitating creativity by regulating curiosity. American Psychologist, 5, 373-374.

Book Chapters

Silvia, P., & Kashdan, T.B. (in press). Curiosity and interest: The benefits of thriving on novelty and challenge. In S.J. Lopez (Ed.), Handbook of Positive Psychology (3rd Ed.). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Kashdan, T.B., & Silvia, P. (2011). Curiosity as a social lubricant: Transforming conversations to be interesting, engaging, and meaningful. In J. J. Froh & A. Parks-Sheiner (Eds.),Positive psychology in higher education: A practical workbook for the classroom. Washington DC: American Psychological Association.

Kashdan, T.B., & Silvia, P. (2009). Curiosity and interest: The benefits of thriving on novelty and challenge. In S.J. Lopez (Ed.), Handbook of Positive Psychology (2nd Ed.) (pp. 367-375). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

Kashdan, T.B., & Silvia, P. (2009). Curiosity. In S.J. Lopez, (Ed.), Encyclopedia of positive psychology. Oxford, UK: Blackwell Publishing.

Kashdan, T.B., Steger, M.F., & †Breen, W.E. (2007). Curiosity. In R. Baumeister & K. Vohs (Eds.). Encyclopedia of Social Psychology (pp. 213-215). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Kashdan, T.B. (2004). Curiosity. In C. Peterson and M.E.P. Seligman, (Ed.), Character strengths and virtues: A handbook and classification (pp. 125-141). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association and Oxford University Press.

Kashdan, T.B., & Fincham, F.D. (2004). Facilitating curiosity: A social and self-regulatory perspective for scientifically based interventions. In P.A. Linley & S. Joseph, (Ed.), Positive psychology in practice (pp. 482-503). New Jersey: Wiley.

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†Goodman, F.R., & Kashdan, T. B. (in press). The most important life goals of people with and without social anxiety disorder: Focusing on emotional interference and uncovering meaning in life. Journal of Positive Psychology

Kashdan, T.B., †Disabato, D.J., †Goodman, F.R., †Doorley, J.D., & McKnight, P.E. (2020). Understanding psychological flexibility: A multimethod exploration of pursuing valued goals despite the presence of distress. Psychological Assessment, 32, 829-850.

†Kelso, K., Kashdan, T.B., †Imanogulu, A., & †Ashraf, A. (2020). Meaning in life buffers the impact of experiential avoidance on anxiety. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 16, 192-198.

Kashdan, T.B., †Goodman, F.R.,†Milius, C.R., & †Stiksma, M. (2018). Sexuality leads to boosts in mood and meaning in life with no evidence for the reverse direction: A daily diary investigation. Emotion, 18, 563-576.

†Disabato, D.J., Kashdan, T.B., Short, J.L., & Jarden, A. (2017). What predicts positive life events that influence the course of depression? A longitudinal examination of gratitude and meaning in life. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 3, 444-458.

†Machell, K.A., †Disabato, D., & Kashdan, T.B. (2016). Buffering the negative impact of poverty of youth: The power of purpose in life. Social Indicators Research, 126, 845-861.

Kashdan, T.B., Rottenberg, J., †Goodman, F.R., †Disabato, D.J., & Begovic, E. (2015). Lumping and splitting in the study of meaning in life: Thoughts on surfing, surgery, scents, and sermons. Psychological Inquiry, 26, 336-342.

†Machell, K.A., Kashdan, T.B., Short, J.L., & Nezlek, J.B. (2015). Relationships between meaning in life, social and achievement events, and positive and negative affect in daily life. Journal of Personality, 83, 287-298.

†Kleiman, E.M., †Adams, L.M., Kashdan, T.B., & Riskind, J.H. (2013). Grit and gratitude indirectly reduce risk of suicidal ideations by enhancing meaning in life: Evidence for a mediated moderation model. Journal of Research in Personality, 47, 539-546.

Steger, M.F., & Kashdan, T.B. (2013). The unbearable lightness of meaning: Well-being and unstable meaning in life. Journal of Positive Psychology, 8, 103-115.

*Kashdan, T.B., *†Kane, J.Q., & Kecmanovic, J. (2011). Post-traumatic distress and the presence of post-traumatic growth and meaning in life: Experiential avoidance as a moderator. Personality and Individual Differences, 50, 84-89. *- equal contribution

Steger, M.F., Oishi, S., & Kashdan, T.B. (2009). Meaning in life across the life span: Levels and correlates of meaning in life from adolescence to older adulthood. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4, 43-52.

Steger, M.F., Kashdan, T.B., Sullivan, B.A., & Lorentz, D. (2008). Understanding the search for meaning in life: Personality, cognitive style, and the dynamic between seeking and experiencing meaning. Journal of Personality, 76, 199-228.

Kashdan, T.B. & Steger, M.F. (2007). Curiosity and pathways to well-being and meaning in life: Traits, states, and everyday behaviors. Motivation and Emotion, 31, 159-173.

Steger, M.F., & Kashdan, T.B. (2007). Stability and specificity of meaning in life and life satisfaction over one year. Journal of Happiness Studies, 8, 161-179.

Book Chapters

Steger, M. F., Sheline, K., Merriman, L., & Kashdan, T. B. (2013). Using the science of meaning to invigorate values-congruent, purpose driven action. In T.B. Kashdan, & J. Ciarrochi (Ed.), Mindfulness, acceptance, and positive psychology: The seven foundations of well-being (pp. 240-266). New Harbinger Publications, Inc.: Oakland, CA.

Steger, M.F., Beeby, A., Garrett, S., & Kashdan, T.B. (2013). Creating a stable architectural framework of existence: Proposing a model of lifelong meaning. In S. David, I. Boniwell, & Ayers, A.C. (Ed.), Oxford Handbook of Happiness (pp. 941-954). Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.

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†Brown, B.A., †Goodman, F. R., †Disabato, D.J.,Kashdan, T.B., Armeli, S., & Tennen, H. (in press). Does negative emotion differentiation influence daily self-regulation after stressful events? A 4-year daily diary study. Emotion

Tong, B., Kashdan, T.B., Rottenberg, J., & Joiner, T.E. (in press). Future well-being among people who attempt suicide and survive: Research recommendations. Behavior Therapy

Panaite, V., Devendorf, A.R., Kashdan, T.B., & Rottenberg, J. (in press). Daily life positive events predict well-being among depressed adults 10 years later. Clinical Psychological Science

Kaczmarek, L.D., Kashdan, T.B., Behnke, M., Dziekan, M., Matuła, E., Kosakowski, M., Enko, J., Guzik, P. (in press). Positive emotions boost enthusiastic responsiveness to capitalization attempts. Dissecting self-report, physiology, and behavior. Journal of Happiness Studies.

Kaczmarek, L. D., †Kelso, K., Behnke, M., Kashdan, T.B., Dziekan, M., Matuła, E., Kosakowski, M., Enko, J., & Guzik, P. (in press). Give and take: The role of reciprocity in capitalization. Journal of Positive Psychology

†Doorley, J.D., & Kashdan, T.B., (in press). Positive and negative emotion regulation in college athletes: Exploring the daily influence of savoring, acceptance, and cognitive reappraisal. Cognitive Therapy and Research

†Goodman, F. R., †Disabato, D.J., & Kashdan, T.B. (in press). Reflections on unspoken and potential solutions for the well-being juggernaut in positive psychology. Journal of Positive Psychology

Kashdan, T.B., McKnight. P.E., †Disabato, D.J., †Kelso, K., †Lauber, M., & †Goodman, F.R. (2020). Sexual assault: Exploring real-time consequences the next day and in subsequent days. International Journal of Wellbeing, 10, 1-19.

Rottenberg, J., Devendorf, A.R., Panaite, V., †Disabato, D., & Kashdan, T.B., (2019). Optimal well-being after major depression. Clinical Psychological Science, 7, 621-627.

†Disabato, D.J., †Goodman, F.R., & Kashdan, T.B. (2019). Is grit relevant to well-being and strengths? Evidence across the globe for separating perseverance of effort and consistency of interests. Journal of Personality, 87, 194-211.

Chopik, W.J., Newton, N.J., Ryan, L.H., Kashdan, T.B., & Jarden, A.J. (2019). Gratitude across the life span: Age differences and links to subjective well-being. Journal of Positive Psychology, 14, 292-302.

†Doorley, J.D., Kashdan, T.B., †Alexander, L.A., †Blalock, D.V., & McKnight, P.E. (2019). Distress tolerance in romantic relationships: A daily diary exploration with methodological considerations. Motivation and Emotion, 43, 505-516.

†Goodman, F.R., †Disabato, D.J., Kashdan, T.B., & Kaufman, S.B. (2018). Measuring well-being: A comparison of subjective well-being and PERMA. Journal of Positive Psychology, 13, 321-332.†Goodman, F.R.,

†Goodman, F.R.,†Disabato, D.J., & Kashdan, T.B. (2018). Integrating psychological strengths under the umbrella of personality science: An illustration of how positive psychology relates to psychopathology. Journal of Positive Psychology, 423-434.

†Young, K., †Machell, K.A., Kashdan, T.B., & †Westwater, M.L. (2018). The cascade of positive events: Does exercise on a given day increase the frequency of additional positive events? Personality and Individual Differences, 120, 299-303.

Kaczmarek, L.D., Behnke, M., Kashdan, T.B., Kusiak, A., Marzec, K., Mistrzak, M., & Wlodarczyk, M. (2018). Smile intensity in social networking profile photographs is related to greater scientific achievements. Journal of Positive Psychology, 13, 435-439.

†Goodman, F.R., †Disabato, D.J., Kashdan, T.B., & †Machell, K.A. (2017). Personality strengths as resilience: A one-year multi-wave study. Journal of Personality, 85, 423-434.

Ciarrochi, J., Sahdra, B.K., Kashdan, T.B., Kiuru, N., & Conigrave, J. (2017). When empathy matters: The role of gender and empathy in close friendships. Journal of Personality, 85, 494-504.

Jayawickreme, E., Tsukayama, E., & Kashdan, T.B. (2017). Examining the within-person effect of affect on daily life satisfaction. Journal of Research in Personality, 71, 27-32.

Jayawickreme, E., Tsukayama, E., & Kashdan, T.B. (2017). Examining the effect of affect on life satisfaction judgments: A within-person perspective. Journal of Research in Personality, 68, 32-37.

Drążkowski, D., Kaczmarek, L.D., & Kashdan, T.B. (2017). Gratitude pays: A weekly gratitude intervention influences monetary decisions, physiological responses, and emotional experiences during a trust-related social interaction. Personality and Individual Differences, 110, 148-153.

Boden, M.T., Heinz, A.J., & Kashdan, T.B. (2017). Pleasure as an overlooked target of substance use disorder research and treatment. Current Drug Abuse Reviews, 9, 113-125.

†Disabato, D.J., Kashdan, T.B., Short, J.L., & Jarden, A. (2017). What predicts positive life events that influence the course of depression? A longitudinal examination of gratitude and meaning in life. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 3, 444-458.

Brockman, R., Ciarrochi, J., Parker, P., & Kashdan, T.B. (2017). Emotion regulation strategies in daily life: Mindfulness, cognitive reappraisal, and emotion suppression. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 46, 91-113.

Kashdan, T.B., Barrett, L.F., & McKnight, P.E. (2015). Unpacking emotion differentiation: Transforming unpleasant experience by perceiving distinctions in negativity. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 24, 10-16.

†Kleiman, E.M.,Kashdan, T.B., †Monfort, S.S., †Machell, K.A., & †Goodman, F.R. (2015). Perceived responsiveness during an initial social interaction with a stranger predicts a positive memory bias one week later. Cognition and Emotion, 29, 332-341.

Ciarrochi, J., Heaven, P.C.L., & Kashdan, T.B. (2015). Hope and emotional well-being: A six-year study to distinguish antecedents, correlates, and consequences. Journal of Positive Psychology, 10, 520-532.

†Young, K.C., Kashdan, T.B., McKnight, P.E., †Blalock, D.V., Yuen, M., & †Richberg, J. (2015). Happy and unhappy adolescent bullies: Evidence for theoretically meaningful subgroups. Personality and Individual Differences, 75, 224-228.

Kashdan, T.B., †Young, K.C., & †Machell, K.A. (2015). Positive emotion regulation: Addressing two myths. Current Opinion in Psychology, 3, 117-121.

Kaczmarek, L.D., Kashdan, T.B., Drążkowski, D., Enko, J., Kosakowski, M., Szäefer, A., & Bujacz, A. (2015). Why do people prefer gratitude journaling over gratitude letters? The influence of individual differences in motivation and personality on web-based interventions. Personality and Individual Differences, 75, 1-6.

†Goodman, F.R., & Kashdan, T.B. (2015). Behind the scenes of clinical research: Lessons from a mindfulness intervention with student-athletes.The Behavior Therapist, 38, 157-159.

*Kashdan, T.B., & *†Farmer, A. (2014). Differentiating emotions across contexts: Comparing adults with and without social anxiety disorder using random, social interaction, and daily experience sampling. Emotion, 14, 629-638.

*Kashdan, T.B., *DeWall, C.N., Masten, C.L., Pond, R.S., Jr., Powell, C., Combs, D., Schurtz, D.R., & †Farmer, A. (2014). Who is most vulnerable to social rejection? The toxic combination of low self-esteem and lack of emotion differentiation on neural responses to rejection. PLoS ONE 9(3): e90651 *- equal contribution

Kashdan, T.B.,†Yarbro, J., McKnight, P.E., & Nezlek, J.B. (2014). Laughter with someone else leads to future social rewards: Temporal change using experience sampling methodology. Personality and Individual Differences, 58, 15-19.

Kashdan, T.B., Dewall, C.N., Schurtz, D.R., Deckman, T., Lykins, E.L.B., Evans, D.R., McKenzie, J., Segerstrom, S.C., Gailliot, M.T., & Brown, K.W. (2014). More than words: Contemplating death enhances positive emotional word use. Personality and Individual Differences, 71, 171-175.

†Goodman, F.R.,Kashdan, T.B., †Mallard, T.T., & Schumann, M. (2014). A Brief mindfulness and yoga intervention with an entire NCAA Division I Athletic Team: A pilot study. Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research, and Practice, 1, 339-356.

Huffman, J.C., DuBois, C.M., Healy, B.C., Boehm, J.K., Kashdan, T.B.,, Celano, C.M., Denninger, J.W., & Lyubomirsky, S. (2014). Feasibility and impact of positive psychology exercises for suicidal inpatients. General Hospital Psychiatry, 36, 88-94.

†Monfort, S.S., Kaczmarek, L.D., Kashdan, T.B., Drążkowski, D., Kosakowski, M., Guzik, P., Krauze, T., & Gracanin, A. (2014). Capitalizing on the success of romantic partners: A laboratory investigation on subjective, facial, and physiological emotional processing. Personality and Individual Differences, 68, 149-153.

Kaczmarek, L.D., Kashdan, T.B., Drążkowski, D., Połatyńska, K., Bujacz, A., & †Goodman, F.R. (2014). Why do greater curiosity and fewer depressive symptoms predict gratitude intervention use? Utility beliefs, social norm, and self-control beliefs. Personality and Individual Differences, 66, 165-170.

Kaczmarek, L.D., †Goodman, F.R., Drążkowski, D., Kashdan, T.B., Połatyńska, K., & Komorek, J. (2014). Instructional support decreases desirability and initiation of a gratitude intervention. Personality and Individual Differences, 64, 89-93.

†Young, K.C., Kashdan, T.B., & Macatee, R. (2014). Strength balance and implicit strength measurement: New considerations for research on strengths of character. Journal of Positive Psychology, 10, 17-24.

†Blalock, D.V., †Calton, J.M., & Kashdan, T.B. (2014). Understanding post-traumatic growth by attending to contextual influences, and developing wise interventions to promote it. European Journal of Personality, 28, 333-334.

Schueller, S.M., Parks, A.C.., & Kashdan, T.B. (2014). Synthesizing positive psychological interventions: Suggestions for conducting meta-analyses and how to interpret them. International Journal of Wellbeing, 4 (1)

Kashdan, T.B.,†Ferssizidis, P., †Farmer, A., †Adams, L., & McKnight, P.E. (2013). Failure to capitalize on sharing good news with romantic partners: Exploring positivity deficits of socially anxious people with self-reports, partner-reports, and behavioral observations. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 51, 656-668.

*Kaczmarek, L.D.,*Kashdan, T.B.,†Kleiman, E.M., Mickiewicz, A., Baczkowski, B., Enko, J., Sievers, A., Szaefer, A., Krol, M., & Baran, B. (2013). Who self-initiates gratitude interventions in daily life? An examination of intentions, curiosity, and unhappiness. Personality and Individual Differences, 55, 805-810. *- equal contribution

†Kleiman, E.M., †Adams, L.M., Kashdan, T.B., & Riskind, J.H. (2013). Grateful individuals are not suicidal: Buffering the risk of hopelessness and depressive symptoms. Personality and Individual Differences, 55, 595-599.

Kashdan, T.B., & Nezlek, J.B. (2012). Whether, when, and how is spirituality related to well-being? Moving beyond single occasion questionnaires to understanding daily process. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 38, 1526-1538.

Pond, R.S., Jr., Kashdan, T.B., DeWall, C.N., †Savostyanova, A.A. Lambert, N.M., & Fincham, F.D. (2012). Emotion differentiation buffers aggressive behavior in angered people: A daily diary analysis. Emotion, 12, 326-337.

Kashdan, T.B., †Young, K.C. & McKnight, P.E. (2012). When is rumination an adaptive mood repair strategy? Day-to-day rhythms of life in combat veterans with and without posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26, 762-768.

DeWall, C.N., Lambert, N.M., Pond, R.S., Jr., Kashdan, T.B., & Fincham, F.D. (2012). A grateful heart is a non-violent heart: Cross-sectional, experience sampling, longitudinal, and experimental evidence. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 3, 232-240.

Boden, M.T., Bonn-Miller, M.O., Kashdan, T.B., Alvarez, J., & Gross, J.J. (2012). The interactive effects of emotional clarity and cognitive reappraisal in posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26, 233-238.

Dubois, C.M., Nyer, M.B., Kashdan, T.B., Beach, S.R., Park, E.R., Celano, C.M., & Huffman, J.C. (2012). Positive psychological attributes and cardiac outcomes: Associations, mechanisms, and interventions. Psychosomatics, 53, 303-318

Kashdan, T.B., & McKnight, P.E. (2011). Dynamic, contextual approaches to studying personality in the social world. Journal of Personality, 79, 1177-1190.

Biswas-Diener, R., Kashdan, T.B., & Minhas, G. (2011). A dynamic approach to psychological strength development and intervention. Journal of Positive Psychology, 6, 106-118.

Wood, A.M., Linley, P.A., Maltby, J., Kashdan, T.B., & Hurling, R. (2011). Using psychological strengths leads to less stress and greater self-esteem, vitality, and positive affect: Longitudinal examination of the strengths use questionnaire. Personality and Individual Differences, 50, 15-19.

Ciarrochi, J., Kashdan, T.B., Leeson, P., Heaven, P., & Jordon, C. (2011). On being aware and accepting: A one-year longitudinal study into adolescent well-being. Journal of Adolescence, 34, 695-703.

Haigh, E.A.P., Moore, M.T., Kashdan, T.B., & Fresco, D.M. (2011). Examination of the factor structure and concurrent validity of the Langer Mindfulness/Mindlessness Scale. Assessment, 18, 11-26.

Kashdan, T.B., †Ferssizidis, P., Collins, R.L., & Muraven, M. (2010). Emotion differentiation as resilience against excessive alcohol use: An ecological momentary assessment in underage social drinkers. Psychological Science, 21, 1341-1347.

Niemiec, C.P., Brown, K.W., Kashdan, T.B., Cozzolino, P.J., †Breen, W., Levesque, C., & Ryan, R.M. (2010). Being present in the face of existential threat: The role of trait mindfulness in reducing defensive responses to mortality salience. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 99, 344-365.

Kashdan, T.B., †Breen, W.E., & Julian, T. (2010). Everyday strivings in combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: Problems arise when avoidance and emotion regulation dominate. Behavior Therapy, 41, 350-363.

Brdr, I., & Kashdan, T.B. (2010). Character strengths and well-being in Croatia: An empirical investigation of structure and correlates. Journal of Research in Personality, 44, 151-154.

†Breen, W.E., Kashdan, T.B., †Lenser, M.L., & Fincham, F.D. (2010). Gratitude and forgiveness: Convergence and divergence on self-report and informant ratings. Personality and Individual Differences, 49, 932-937.

†Ferssizidis, P., †Adams, L., Kashdan, T.B., †Plummer, C., †Mishra, A., & Ciarrochi, J. (2010). Motivation for and commitment to social values: The roles of age and gender. Motivation and Emotion, 34, 354-362.

Froh, J. J., Kashdan, T.B., Yurkewicz, C., Fan, J., Glowacki, J., & Allen, J. (2010). The benefits of passion and absorption in activities: Engaged living in adolescents and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Positive Psychology, 5, 311-332.

Kashdan, T.B., †Mishra, A., †Breen, W.E., & Froh, J.J. (2009). Gender differences in gratitude: Examining appraisals, narratives, the willingness to express emotions, and changes in psychological needs. Journal of Personality, 77, 691-730.

Steger, M.F., & Kashdan, T.B. (2009). Depression and everyday social activity, belonging, and well-being. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56, 289-300.

*Biswas-Diener, R., *Kashdan, T.B., & King, L.A. (2009). Two traditions of happiness research, not two distinct types of happiness. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4, 208-211. *- equal contribution

Froh, J.J., Kashdan, T.B., Ozimkowski, K.M., & Miller, N. (2009). Who benefits the most from a gratitude intervention in children and adolescents? Examining positive affect as a moderator. Journal of Positive Psychology, 4, 408-422.

Froh, J.J., Kashdan, T.B., & Yurkewicz, C. (2009). Gratitude and subjective well-being in early adolescence: Examining mechanisms and gender differences. Journal of Adolescence, 32, 633-650.

Kashdan, T.B., *Biswas-Diener, R., & King, L.A. (2008). Reconsidering happiness: The costs of distinguishing between hedonics and eudaimonia. Journal of Positive Psychology, 3, 219-233. *- equal contribution

Steger, M.F., Hicks, B., Kashdan, T.B., Krueger, R.F., Bouchard, T.J., Jr. (2007). Genetic and environmental influences on the positive traits of the Values in Action classification, and biometric covariance with normal personality. Journal of Research in Personality, 41, 524-539.

Kashdan, T.B., Uswatte, G., & Julian, T. (2006). Gratitude and hedonic and eudaimonic well-being in Vietnam War veterans. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 177-199.

Aron, A., Steele, J., Kashdan, T.B., & Perez, M. (2006). When similars do not attract: Tests of a prediction from the self-expansion model. Personal Relationships, 13, 387-396.

Kashdan, T.B. (2004). The assessment of subjective well-being (issues raised by the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire). Personality and Individual Differences, 36, 1225-1232.

Kashdan, T.B., Pelham, W.E., Lang, A.R., Hoza, B., Jacob, R.G., Jennings, J.R., Blumenthal, J. D., & Gnagy, E.M. (2002). Hope and optimism as human strengths in parents of children with externalizing disorders: Stress is in the eye of the beholder. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 21, 441-468.

More Articles.

†Goodman, F. R., Kashdan, T. B., & †Imanogulu, A. (in press). Valuing emotional control in social anxiety disorder: A multi-method study of emotion beliefs and emotion regulation. Emotion

†Goodman, F. R., & Kashdan, T.B. (in press). The most important life goals of people with and without social anxiety disorder: Focusing on emotional interference and uncovering meaning in life. Journal of Positive Psychology

†Doorley, J.D., †Goodman, F.R., †Disabato, D.J., Kashdan, T.B., Weinstein, J.S., & Schackman, A.J. (2021). The momentary benefits of positive events for individuals with elevated social anxiety. Emotion, 21, 595-606.

†Doorley, J.D., †Volgenau, K.M., †Kelso, K.C., Kashdan, T.B., & Shackman, A.J. (2020). Do people with elevated social anxiety respond differently to digital and face-to-face communications? Two daily diary studies with null effects. Journal of Affective Disorders, 276, 859-865.

†Goodman, F.R., Kashdan, T.B., †Stiksma, M.C., & †Blalock, D.V. (2019). Personal strivings to understand anxiety disorders: Social anxiety as an exemplar. Clinical Psychological Science, 7 ,283-301.

†Goodman, F.R., †Stiksman, M.C., & Kashdan, T.B. (2018). Social anxiety and the quality of everyday social interactions: The moderating effect of alcohol consumption. Behavior Therapy, 49, 373-387.

†Blalock, D., Kashdan, T.B., & McKnight, P.E. (2018). High risk, high reward: Daily perceptions of social challenge and performance in social anxiety disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 54, 57-64.

Kashdan, T.B., †Doorley, J., †Stiksma, M., & Hertenstein, M. (2017). Discomfort and avoidance of touch: New insights on the emotional deficits of social anxiety. Cognition and Emotion, 8, 1638-1646.

†Blalock, D.V.,Kashdan, T.B., & †Farmer, A. S.(2016). Trait and daily emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder: Differential effects of positive and negative emotion regulation. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 40, 416-425.

†Machell, K.A., †Blalock, D.V., Kashdan, T.B., & Yuen, M. (2016). Academic achievement at the cost of ambition: The mixed results of a supportive, interactive environment on socially anxious teenagers. Personality and Individual Differences, 89, 166-171.

†Farmer, A., & Kashdan, T.B., (2015). Stress sensitivity and stress generation in social anxiety disorder: A temporal process approach. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 124, 102-114.

†Afram, A., & Kashdan, T.B. (2015). Coping with rejection concerns in romantic relationships: An experimental investigation of social anxiety and risk regulation rigidity. Journal of Contextual and Behavioral Science, 4, 151-156.

Kashdan, T.B., †Goodman, F.R., †Machell, K.A., †Kleiman, E.M., †Monfort, S.S., Ciarrochi, J., & Nezlek, J.B. (2014). A contextual approach to experiential avoidance and social anxiety: Evidence from an experimental interaction and daily interactions of people with social anxiety disorder. Emotion, 14, 769-781.

*Kashdan, T.B., & *†Farmer, A. (2014). Differentiating emotions across contexts: Comparing adults with and without social anxiety disorder using random, social interaction, and daily experience sampling. Emotion, 14, 629-638.

†Farmer, A., & Kashdan, T.B., (2014). Affective and self-esteem instability in the daily lives of people with generalized social anxiety disorder. Clinical Psychological Science, 2, 187-201.

Kashdan, T.B., & McKnight, P.E. (2013). Commitment to a purpose in life: An antidote to the suffering by individuals with social anxiety disorder. Emotion, 13, 1150-1159.

Kashdan, T.B.,†Ferssizidis, P., †Farmer, A., †Adams, L., & McKnight, P.E. (2013). Failure to capitalize on sharing good news with romantic partners: Exploring positivity deficits of socially anxious people with self-reports, partner-reports, and behavioral observations. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 51, 656-668.

†Farmer, A.S., & Kashdan, T.B. (2012). Social anxiety and emotion regulation in daily life: Spillover effects on positive and negative social events. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy, 41, 152-162. [Special Issue on Positivity Deficits in Social Anxiety Disorder]

Kashdan, T.B., †Adams, L., †Savostyanova, A.A., †Ferssizidis, P., McKnight, P.E., & Nezlek, J.B. (2011). Effects of social anxiety and depressive symptoms on the frequency and quality of sexual activity: A daily process approach. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49, 352-360.

Kashdan, T.B., & Roberts, J.E. (2011). Comorbid social anxiety disorder in clients with depressive disorders: Predicting changes in depressive symptoms, therapeutic relationships, and focus of attention in group treatment. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 49, 875-884.

*Kashdan, T.B., & †*Savostyanova, A.A. (2011). Capturing the biases of socially anxious people by addressing partner effects and situational parameters. Behavior Therapy, 42, 211-223. *- equal contribution

†Breen, W.E., & Kashdan, T.B. (2011). Anger suppression after imagined rejection among individuals with social anxiety. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 25, 879-887.

Kashdan, T.B., †Breen, W.E., †Terhar, D., & †Afram, A. (2010). Experiential avoidance in idiographic, autobiographical memories: Construct validity and links to social anxiety, depressive, and anger symptoms. Journal of Anxiety Disorders24, 528-534.

Kashdan, T.B., & Collins, R.L. (2010). Social anxiety and the experience of positive emotions and anger in everyday life: An ecological momentary assessment approach. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 23, 259-272. [Special Issue: Advances in the Research on Social Anxiety and its Disorder]

*Kashdan, T.B., *McKnight, P.E., Richey, J.A., & Hofmann, S.G. (2009). When social anxiety disorder co-exists with risk-prone, approach behavior: Investigating a neglected, meaningful subset of people in the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 47, 559-568. *- equal contributions

Kashdan, T.B., Morina, N., & Priebe, S. (2009). Post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder, and depression in survivors of the Kosovo War: Experiential avoidance as a contributor to distress and quality of life. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23, 185-196.

Kashdan, T.B., Elhai, J.D., & †Breen, W.E. (2008). Social anxiety and disinhibition: An analysis of curiosity and social rank appraisals, approach-avoidance conflicts, and disruptive risk-taking behavior. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 22, 925-939.

Kashdan, T.B. & Hofmann, M.F. (2008). The high novelty seeking, impulsive subtype of generalized social anxiety disorder. Depression and Anxiety, 25, 535-541.

Kashdan, T.B., & †Breen, W.E. (2008). Social anxiety and positive emotions: A prospective examination of a self-regulatory model with tendencies to suppress or express emotions as a moderating variable. Behavior Therapy, 39, 1-12.

Almeida, L., Kashdan, T.B., Coelho, R., Albino-Teixeira, A., & Soares-da-Silva, P. (2008). Who volunteers for phase I clinical trial studies? Influences of anxiety, social anxiety and depressive symptoms on self-selection and reporting of adverse events. European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 64, 575-582.

Kashdan, T.B. (2007). Social anxiety spectrum and diminished positive experiences: Theoretical synthesis and meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 27, 348-365.

Kashdan, T.B. (2007). New perspectives on social anxiety: Addressing the positive spectrum of human functioning. Anxiety Disorders: A Quarterly Report, 4, 1-5.

Kashdan, T.B., & Roberts, J.E. (2007). Social anxiety, depressive symptoms, and post-event rumination: Affective consequences and social contextual influences. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 21, 284-301.

Kashdan, T.B., †Volkmann, J., †Breen, W.E., & †Han, S. (2007). Social anxiety and emotion regulation in romantic relationships: The costs and benefits of negative emotion expression are context-dependent. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 21, 475-492.

Kashdan, T.B., & Steger, M. (2006). Expanding the topography of social anxiety: An experience sampling assessment of positive emotions and events, and emotion suppression. Psychological Science, 17, 120-128.

Kashdan, T.B., Julian, T., †Merritt , K., & Uswatte, G. (2006). Social anxiety and posttraumatic stress in combat veterans: Relations to well-being and character strengths. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 561-583.

Kashdan, T.B., Frueh, B.C., Knapp, R., Hebert, R., & Magruder, K. (2006). Social anxiety disorder in veterans affairs primary care clinics. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 44, 233-247.

Kashdan, T.B., Collins, R.L., & Elhai, J.D. (2006). Social anxiety, positive outcome expectancies, and risk-taking behavioral intentions. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 30, 749-761.

Kashdan, T.B., & Roberts, J.E. (2006). Affective outcomes and cognitive processes in superficial and intimate interactions: Roles of social anxiety and curiosity. Journal of Research in Personality, 40, 140-167.

Kashdan, T.B., & Wenzel, A. (2005). A transactional approach to social anxiety and the genesis of interpersonal closeness: Self, partner, and social context. Behavior Therapy, 36, 335-346.

Kashdan, T.B., & Roberts, J.E. (2004). Social anxiety’s impact on affect, curiosity, and social self-efficacy during a high self-focus social threat situation. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 28, 119-141.

Kashdan, T.B. (2004). The neglected relationship between social interaction anxiety and hedonic deficits: Differentiation from depressive symptoms. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 18, 719-730.

Kashdan, T.B. (2002). Social anxiety dimensions, neuroticism, and the contours of positive psychological functioning. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 26, 789-810.

Kashdan, T.B., & Herbert, J.D. (2001). Social anxiety disorder in childhood and adolescence: Current status and future directions. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 4, 37-61.

Book Chapters

Kashdan, T.B., & Weeks, J.W. (2010). Social anxiety, positive experiences, and positive events. In S.G. Hofmann & P.M. Dibartolo (Eds.), Social anxiety: Clinical, developmental, and social perspectives (pp. 447-469). Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.

†Breen, W.E., & Kashdan, T.B. (2009). Social anxiety. In W.A. Darity (Eds.). International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. Farmington Hills, MI: Macmillan.

All measures and scales available for free use in science or practice. No need to ask!

Psychological Flexibility

Personalized Psychological Flexibility Index  DOWNLOAD
Kashdan, T.B., Disabato, D.J., Goodman, F.R., Doorley, J.D., & McKnight, P.E. (2020). Understanding psychological flexibility: A multimethod exploration of pursuing valued goals despite the presence of distress. Psychological Assessment, 32, 829-850.

Curiosity Scales

The Five-Dimensional Curiosity Scale-Revised (5DCR)  DOWNLOAD
Kashdan, T.B., †Disabato, D.J., †Goodman, F.R., & McKnight, P.E. (2021). The Five-Dimensional Curiosity Scale Revised (5DCR): Briefer subscales while separating overt and covert social curiosity. Personality and Individual Differences

Article above with correlates and psychometrics. Stop using the 5DC. The revised scale has stronger psychometrics, each subscale is shorter, and social curiosity has been split into overt and covert dimensions.

The M-Workplace Curiosity Scale  DOWNLOAD
Kashdan, T.B., †Goodman, F.R., †Disabato, D.J., McKnight, P.E., †Kelso, K., & Naughton, C. (2021). Curiosity has comprehensive benefits in the workplace: Developing and validating a multidimensional workplace curiosity scale in United States and German employees. Personality and Individual Differences

The Five-Dimensional Curiosity Scale (5DC)
Kashdan, T.B.Stiksma, M.C.,†Disabato, D., McKnight, P.E., Bekier, J., Kaji, J., & Lazarus, R. (2018). The five-dimensional curiosity scale: Capturing the bandwidth of curiosity and identifying four unique subgroups of curious people. Journal of Research in Personality,  73, 130-149. NOTE: download a copy of the measure here in MSWord.

Curiosity and Exploration Inventory-II
Kashdan, T.B., Gallagher, M.W., Silvia, P.J., Winterstein, B.P., Breen, W.E., Terhar, D., & Steger, M.F. (2009). The Curiosity and Exploration Inventory-II: Development, factor structure, and initial psychometrics. Journal of Research in Personality, 43, 987-998.

Curiosity and Exploration Inventory
Kashdan, T.B., Rose, P., & Fincham, F.D. (2004). Curiosity and exploration: Facilitating positive subjective experiences and personal growth opportunities. Journal of Personality Assessment, 82, 291-305.

Purpose in Life

Everyday effort and progress toward a purpose in life
Kashdan, T.B., & McKnight, P.E. (2013). Commitment to a purpose in life: An antidote to the suffering by individuals with social anxiety disorder. Emotion, 13, 1150-1159. See p.1153

Experiential Avoidance

Momentary experiential avoidance (for experiments or experience sampling studies)
Kashdan, T.B., Goodman, F.R., Machell, K.A., Kleiman, E.M., Monfort, S.S., Ciarrochi, J., & Nezlek, J.B. (2014). A contextual approach to experiential avoidance and social anxiety: Evidence from an experimental interaction and daily interactions of people with social anxiety disorder. Emotion, 14, 769-781.

Evidence for anxiety and experiential avoidance as two separate but related factors for Study 1 can be found on p. 773 of the results. For a replication in Study 2, see Table 3 and on p.9. NOTE: for Table 3, there is an error and the second anxiety item should be: ““I was worried that I would say or do the wrong things.”

Kashdan, T.B., Farmer, A., Adams, L., Ferssizidis, P., McKnight, P.E., & Nezlek, J.B. (2013). Distinguishing healthy adults from people with social anxiety disorder: Evidence for the value of experiential avoidance and positive emotions in everyday social interactions. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 122, 645-655.

First paper that uses the experiential avoidance scale in Kashdan et al. (2014)

Affective Styles Habitual attempts to conceal or suppress affect (Concealing subscale), a general ability to manage, adjust, and work with emotions as needed (Adjusting subscale), and an accepting and tolerant attitude toward emotions (Tolerating subscale).
Hofmann, S.G., & Kashdan, T.B. (2010). The Affective Style Questionnaire: Development and psychometric properties. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 32, 255-263.

Personality Strengths

Perceived Benefits and Costs of Romantic Partner Strengths
Kashdan, T.B., Blalock, D.V., Young, K.C., Machell, K.A., Monfort, S.S., McKnight, P.E., & Ferssizidis, P. (in press). Personality strengths in romantic relationships: Measuring perceptions of benefits and costs and their impact on personal and relational well-being. Psychological Assessment

Strength Balance
Young, K.C., Kashdan, T.B., & Macatee, R. (2014). Strength balance and implicit strength measurement: New considerations for research on strengths of character. Journal of Positive Psychology, 10, 17-24. See p. 4 for the operationalization of strength balance

Sri Lanka curiosity workshop

Inspire Your Organization

Audiences from many prominent organizations have been inspired by Dr. Kashdan’s energy and wisdom.